Today we worked on a lab assignment on the ipads with covalent bonding. We watched videos explaining all the different bonds, doing mulitple examples. Which made it alot easier to understand.

Igniting of Magnessium

Magnesium Lab

Materials needed:

Crucible

Bunsen burner

Strip of Magnesium

Safety goggles

Electronic scale
Lighter/Matches
2 Batteries
1 Christmas light and the wires with it
Tongs
Distilled water
Stirring rod

Procedure:

1. Gather all materials.
2. Put on goggles.
3. Cut a short strip of magnesium.
4. Mass the crucible, Then the magnesium inside it.
5. Ignite Bunsen burner and put lid on crucible and put on top.
6. Wait 1-2 minutes for your crucible to start showing very white bright lights.
7. If it does not take out the magnesium and put it on the top of the flame.
8. Once the magnesium lights have the lid open before hand and place it in there (Note: Do not look at the burning magnesium its bad for your eyes, look at it from the corner of your eye.)
9. Mass after it cools down.
10. Fill the crucible with distilled water and use stirring rod and stir.
11. Connect batteries to see if yours conducts electricity.
12. Clean up lab,workstation and materials.

Conclusion

In conclusion my magnesium was a conductor of electricity the light lit up. My magnesium weighed was about .7 rounded. The magnesium after the experiment barely lost some weight.

Magnesium Lab

Materials Needed:

Crucible

Safety Goggles

Bunsen Burner Distilled Water

Tongs

Crucible Holder

Magnesium Strips

Batteries and Cables to Test Electricity

Procedure:

1. Put your safety goggles on. Then mass the Crucible.

2. Take 2 strips of Magnesium and form a twisted ball with them.

3. Mass that in the the crucible.

4. Start the bunsen burner and place the crucible (with the lid on) with the magnesium inside on the triangle 7 cm above the flame.

5. Wait for the Magnesium to catch on fire. If it doesn't (like mine didn't) you need to light it by hand.

6. Once the Magnesium is on fire DO NOT LOOK AT THE CRUCIBLE because the UV rays are dangerous to our eyes.

7. Mass it once again after it cools down.

8. Fill Crucible with distilled water and stir.

8. Connect the batteries and the cables to see if the water conducts electricity.

Analyze and Conclude

1. Our starting Magnesium weighed .1 and didn't gain or lose any weight.

2. Exothermic reaction because the mass should have increased

3. Chemical Reaction with the air.

4. Nitrate and Nitrate

5. Oxygen and Magnesium

6. My Magnesium didn't conduct electricity.

7. Our scales could have been off.

Real World

1. Magnesium ions help the nervous system

2. Magnesium is used in antacids

bright light magnessium

This experiment has to deal with the lighting of magnesium. The process is simple but can cause serious damage to the eyes if looked at directly when lite. The precautions need to be taken is this if you are a girl l(or a boy with extremely long hair) it must be pulled back for you are dealing with fire and you need to make sure that sweatshirts and long baggy clothes are either not worn or pulled, because you will be dealing with fire. Then the next thing you need to get is protective glasses in case anything shatters while doing the experiment The items needed for this experiment is a Bunsen burner preferably two small strips of magnesium a small claw pot and rack to hold the pot in. You also need a lighter or a flint and gas but it would be best you went to chemistry class for all the items. The first step is to measure the clay pot for its mass. The second step in this expirement is to get the two tiny magnesium strips and twist them together. Then you need to have the claw pot on the rack and put it over the Bunsen burner and turn on the gas. You then need to light the gas and to make sure that there isnt to much oxygen and the flame isnt to high. After that you place the magnesium in the pot and put the lid on. You leave the lid on for about two to three minutes. The reason why you do this is to see if the magnesium will light ignite and show a bright light if it doesnt within the time period you take off lid off and wait again. If it doesnt ignite again then this is when you have to phisycally light it yourself. What you do it take some tweezers, but these arnt ordinary tweezers they have to be long, and you take the magnesium and put it in the flame until it lights. You want to make sure that you do not look at the light for it can damage your eyes. After it lights you have to put it back in the clay pot, have your partner help you with this in case you miss. After you put the magnesium in the pot you have to shut off the gas, because the heat from both the fire and the magnesium could shatter the pot (this is where the protective goggles come in). After the light goes out you take the pot and weigh it again for its mass. If the expirement was done correctly then the mass should have increased and the magnesium should have lite. When you are done writing down the mass of the pot with the magnesium you now have to clean up. What you do is make sure that magnesium is cool so when you throw it in the trash it wont melt and after that you put everything away.

Burning Magnesium Lab

Materials needed

• Safety goggles
• crucible
• Bunsen burner
• tongs
• distilled water
• batteries and cables to test electricity
• crucible holder
• magnesium strips

Procedure

1. With safety goggles on, mass the crucible and record the number.
2. Place two magnesium strips into the crucible and mass it again, record the results. The difference will show the mass of the magnesium.
3. Use the tongs to put the crucible with the lid on and with the magnesium strips onto the holder and ignite the Bunsen burner.
4. Wait a couple minutes then take the lid off the crucible.
5. Wait for the magnesium to light. If it doesn't light up, use the tongs to place the magnesium directly into the flame, one it lights, put it in the crucible without looking. (WARNING: DO NOT LOOK DIRECTLY INTO THE FLAME!)
6. Once the crucible cools off weigh in once again and record.
7. Fill the crucible with distilled water and stir.
8. Use the batteries and the cables to see if the water produces electricity.
9. Dump the contents into the water and clean up.

Analyze and Conclude

1. empty crucible = 22.06 g

crucible and Magnesium before heating = 22.14 g

Magnesium before heating = .08 g

Crucible and magnesium after heating - 22.13 g

Magnesium after heating = -.01 g ???????

(the magnesium was supposed to gain mass but for some reason my results lost mass. Maybe it had something to do with the fact that I had to use the tongs to hold the magnesium directly into the flame.)

2.

Items needed-
1.Ceramic Crucible
2.Bunsen Burner
3.2 Strips of Magnesium
4.Safety Goggles

What you do-
1. you weigh the crucible without the magnesium in it, to see how much it weighs, our crucible weighed 21.05 grams without magnesium.

2. Put two strips of Magnesium in the crucible and weigh it again (21.14 g)

3. Place the crucible with the magnesium on the Bunsen burner.

4. If your Magnesium doesn't light after a few minutes, take the Magnesium out of the crucible (WITH THE THONGS NOT YOUR HANDS) and put it directly in the flame

5. Once the Magnesium has burned, put it back in the crusible (ONLY LOOK OUT OF THE CORNER OF YOUR EYES DUE TO THE HIGH AMOUNT OF UV RAYS)

6. Turn the Bunsen burner off

7. Wait for your magnesium to burn off.

8. When the crucible is cooled down put it on the scale and weigh it again (21.14 grams we failed......)

9. After you have weighed it, put about 10mL of distilled water into the crucible with the burned magnesium.

10. get 2 wires with a light, and a battery and hold the wires to the battery on one side and put the other side in the water to see if the Magnesium is a conductor of electricity (ours wasnt).

magnesium lab

1.mass the crucible and then zero the balance with the crucible on it
2.take a small bit of magnesium and put it in the crucible
3.write down the mass and then put the crucilbe on the tripod
4.put the lid on the crucible, wait a few minutes to see if the magnesium will light
if it doesn't take the lid off and wait a few more minutes. If it doesn't light by then, take the magnesium out and light it by hand( not literally).

2.Exothermic reaction, added mass should be the result
3.
4.Mg2NO
5.magnesium and oxygen
6.it did conduct electicity, it is ionic
7.not a big enough portion magnesium or or an incorrect balance measurement
8.yes
9.it is used in antacids and for heartburn relief. also known as Milk of Magnesia(Yuck! XP)

Magnesium Lab

Sammie Barth
1/18/12
Mg Lab
Ionic Bond


Materials:
Crucible
Magnesium Strip
Heat source
Tongs
2 "D" Batteries
Christmas lights


Safety Concerns:
As always, we were expected to wear goggles for safety. Also, the light that magnesium gives off when it is lit is like radiation so it could be harmful to the eye if looked at directly. When the magnesium lit, we had to look away.


Procedure:
1. We measured out how much the piece of magnesium we had weighed. It was .07 grams before we stuck it in the fire.
2. We placed the magnesium in the crucible with a lid and put the crucible on a stand to hold it over the flame.
3. The magnesium wasn't lighting with the lid on, so we took the lid off and gave it a little while. When it still didn't light, we used tongs to grab the magnesium and stick it straight into the open flame until it lit.
4. Once it lit, we put it back in the crucible and let it burn.
5. When it got done burning, we hooked up Christmas lights to two "D" size batteries and touched the the other end to the magnesium. This tested whether or not magnesium is a conductor.


Results:
After doing this experiment, we discovered that magnesium is a weak conductor. It doesn't do much, but it does do something.


Errors:
The end result of this experiment was that the magnesium would actually gain mass after it was burned. In our case, the weight stayed the same. Maybe an error that caused this to happen was that we left the gas on too long, or the magnesium didn't burn through the whole thing completely.

Analyzing Data:
1. Mg: .07 grams
2. exothermic reaction. Heat was being let out.

3. The different temps. made the Mg react

4. NO2

5. Oxygen because when we were done the magnesium was mostly white.

6. Yes. It is not very conductive, but it is a little.

7. It might not have burned all the magnesium, or our calculations were off.

Real World:

1. Magnesium helps aid the function of muscles and also helps certain enzymes to function in the body.

2. Magnesium Hydroxide is a common component in laxatives and antacids.

Burning Magnesium

1: mass the Crucible
2: take 2 strips of magnesium and form a ball with them, then mass that in the crucible
3: start the bunsen burner and place the crucible(lid included) with the magnesium, on a triangle 7 cm above the flame
4: wait for the magnesium to catch on fire. If it doesn't ignite you may need to start it by hand.
5: once the magnesium is on fire DO NOT LOOK AT THE CRUSIBLE.
6: mass it once again


Ours did not start right away so we put it in the top of the flame.

1.The starting weight of the magnesium was 2.2 mg and the ending weight was 2.5 mg.
2. Lattice energy was released during this process. Magnesium is very combustible when mixed with oxygen.
3.When the UV lights happen the magnesium is mixing with components in the air
4.Nitrate. Nitrite
5. Magnesium and oxygen make up more of this product then magnesium and nitrogen.
6. It conducted electrcity.
7. If the mass wasn't greater a possible error could be that the magnesium and oxygen didn't mix.

Magnesium Ions are important for nervous system production and the cardiovascular system.
Mg(OH)2 is commonly know as laxatives.

Burning Magnesium Lab

---Materials---

-safety goggles

-magnesium strips

-crucible with lid

-scale

-crucible holder

-Bunsen burner (and fuel for it, obviously)

-tongs

-distilled water

-electricity conductivity tester

---Procedure---

1. Make sure safety goggles are on. Mass the crucible without lid and record.

2. Take two or three magnesium strips and roll into ball. Place the ball into the crucible, mass again without lid, and record.

3. Put lid onto crucible and place crucible onto holder above Bunsen burner with tongs.

4. Turn on Bunsen burner fuel and light Bunsen burner. Adjust fuel intake so the top of the flame is just under the crucible.

5. Wait two minutes and take the lid off.

6. Wait for the magnesium to ignite. When the magnesium ignites, turn off the Bunsen burner. If the magnesium does not ignite use the tongs to take the magnesium into the top of the flame and ignite it. Place the magnesium back into the crucible and turn off the Bunsen burner.

Magnesium burning creates ultraviolet light, which is a hazard to the eyes. DO NOT LOOK DIRECTLY AT THE BURNING MAGNESIUM.

7. Wait for crucible to cool off and mass without lid with burned magnesium still inside. Record.

8. Place distilled water into crucible with burned magnesium and stir. Use electricity conductivity tester to see if the water conducts electricity. Record.

9. Remove distilled water and burned magnesium into trash. Clean up station.

---Results---

crucible mass: 23.49 g

^ with magnesium: 23.57 g

after burn: 23.57 g

distilled water conducts: false

---Analyze and Conclude answers---

1. Magnesium ribbon mass: 0.08 g

Product mass: 0.08 g

2. Light and heat; it is a different substance

3. Because it went through a chemical reaction and nothing was touching it except the crucible and the air, and the crucible didn't go through a chemical reaction.

4. MgO, Mg3N2

5. Magnesium and oxygen

6. No, no.

7. Mass with magnesium before burn was done incorrectly or some magnesium was lost.

---Real-World Chemistry answers---

1. Magnesium is not in a lot of multivitamins.
2. Mg(OH)2 is used in antacids and laxatives.

Burning Magnesium

Warnings!
the light from the burning magnesium is harmful to your eyes, never look directly at it!

Required Items:
1.)Crucible
2.)Bunsen Burner
3.)2 Strips of Magnesium(.11 grams)
4.)Safety Goggles

5.)Tongs

6.)Batteries/cables

7.)Distilled Water

8.)

Procedure:
First, you weigh the crucible without the magnesium in it, to see how much it weighs, our crucible weighed 22.03 grams without the lid on, then put crucible back on the scale and tare it, then put your two strips of magnesium in, this will show you how much your magnesium weighed. My group's magnesium weighed .11 grams. Then place the crucible with the magnesium on the Bunsen burner. Wait a couple minutes, if you don't see a flash, then your magnesium hasn't lit yet. To speed up the process, take the lid off of the crucible. Once this is done, wait a couple more minutes. If it still hasn't lit, take the tongs and pick the magnesium and put it directly into the top part of the flame. In about ten seconds it will light and flash white. Do not look at the flashing as it is harmful to your eyes. In the corner of your eye, lift the magnesium up, and drop it in the crucible. Turn the Bunsen burner off, because the magnesium burns hot enough, and the heat from the flame can ruin the crucible. Wait for your magnesium to blow out. Once this is done, let the magnesium cool down, then take the crucible off the Bunsen burner. Next, you need to put distilled water in the crucible, and stir it. Then take 2 wires, and a battery, and hold the wires to the battery and hold the ends in the water, if the light bulb on the wires lights up, it is conductive. If the light bulb doesn't light, it's not conductive. In our case, it wasn't conductive

Book Questions

1.)Magnesium weighed .11 grams(.13 grams afterwards)

2.)Exothermic Reaction

3.)Chemical Reaction, there was light, and heat.

4.)Mg2NO

5.)Oxygen and Magnesium

6.)It didn't conduct electricity

7.)Mass could have been recorded wrong

Real-World Chemistry Questions

1.)Used in vitamins

2.)Antacids

Magnesium Lab

Brianna Chaplin

Period 3

Magnesium Lab



Materials Needed:

• 1 crucible with a lid




• 2 strips of magnesium




• Bunsen Burner




• 1 pair of tongs

Safety Precautions:

• Wear goggles at ALL times




• Have your hair pulled back




• No baggy clothes (especially sleeves)




• After the crucible is done heating, let it sit. It will be extremely hot.




• Use the tongs appropriately. There is a groove in them to pick up the crucible.




• DO NOT look directly at the burning magnesium. It sets off UV rays that damage eyesight.

Procedure:

1. Mass the crucible before beginning the lab and record.




2. Add two strips of magnesium and roll them into a ball. Place them in the crucible and mass again and record.




3. Turn on the fire and place the crucible in the holder right above the flame. Make sure the lid to the crucible is ON.




4. If the crucible begins to shake: See step 5. If not, continue to step 6.




5. Remove the lid and DO NOT look into the crucible. Look out of the corner of your eye. Go to Step 7.




6. Take out the magnesium with the tongs and hold directly over the flame. As soon as the white light shows, place back into the crucible but make sure to NOT look at the magnesium.




7. Wait until the crucible cools down and mass again. Record.




8. Add approxiametly 5ml of water.




9. Stir the magnesium and water


10. Grab christmas lights and put the two connector end into the water. Move them around and see if they conduct electricity.

Results

Mass before: 22.42

Mass w/ magnesium: 22.57

Mass after burning: 22.6

Also, the water with the magnesium conducted electricity, but only if the two conductors were very,very close to each other, but still not touching.

Book Questions:

1. Our starting magnesium weighed .15 g and the ending magnesium weighed .18 g


2. Exothermic reaction; mass should increase


3. The magnesium is chemically reacting with the flames and the air.


4. Nitrite and nitrate


5. Oxygen and Magnesium


6. It did conduct electricity, but barely


7. The scales could've been off, the measurements could've been recorded incorrectly.

Real-World:

1. The magnesium Ions help the nervous system


2. It is used in antacids

Magnesium Lab

Items Needed:

1.Crucible 2.Bunsen Burner 3. Magnesium 4.Safety Goggles

Process:

1. First we wieghed the crucible alone 23.65




2. Then we added the magnesium to it and weighed it 23.72




3. Then we put the crusible with the magnesium over the bunsen burner until the lid started to shake.




4. our lid didnt shake so we had to do it by hand as you saw. as soon as the magnesium lit up you had to look out the corner of your eye because if u look straight at it it may do damage because of the ultra violet rays coming off of it.




5. after it cooled down we used tongs and we put it on the balance scale the burnt magnesium weighed 23.65

we had an error because the weight was actually sappose to stay the same but it didnt ours went down because all of our magnesium didnt burn. yes or magnesium is conductive because the light bulbs lite up.

Questions:

Exothermic reaction, added mass should be the result

1.

2.

3.

4.

5. oxygen and magnesium

6. yes, it is ionic

7. that not all the magnesium burned

1. yes

2. heartburn relief

Burning Magnesium

Materials:

• Safety Googles






• Crucible






• Magnesium






• Tongs






• Bunsen burner






• distilled water

Mass 0f Crucible: 23.65

Mass of crucible with Magnesium: 23.72

Procedure:

1. Get MAterials






2. Put Magnesium in the crucible with the lid over it then place on bunsen burner






3. After a couple minutes if the lid of the crucible doesnt start to shake you will have to inite the magnesium yourself






4. To inite the magnesium pick up magnesium with tongs then place in the flame of the Bunsen burner until it catches fire






5. Once the magnesium catches Fire DO NOT look at the flame until it is dropped in the crucible.






6. You will see the crucible start to glow from the flame of the magnesium






7. Then wait till the crucible is cool enough to clean with distilled water.

Questions:

1.

2. Heat and light were produced

3.

4.Mg2NO

5. Oxygen

6. yes compound are ionic

7.not all the magnesium burned in the crucible that was the error

1.yes

2.heart burn relief

Mag. Lab

Materials Needed:
Crucible
Safety Goggles
Bunsen Burner Distilled Water
Tongs
Crucible Holder
Magnesium Strips
Batteries and Cables to Test Electricity

Procedure:
1. Put your safety goggles on. Then mass the crucible.
2. Take 2 strips of Magnesium and form a twisted ball with them.
3. Mass that in the the crucible.
4. Start the bunsen burner and place the crucible, with the lid on, with the magnesium inside above the flame.
5. Wait for the Magnesium to catch on fire. If it doesn't (like mine didn't) you need to light it by hand.
6. Once the Magnesium is on fire do NOT look at the curcible because the UV rays are very dangerous to our eyes.
7. Mass it again after it cools down.
8. Fill Crucible with distilled water and stir, then connect the batteries and the cables to see if the water conducts electricity.
Questions From Book:

1. Our starting Magnesium weighed .143. which at the end of the lab we didnt loose or gain any. 2. Exothermic reaction because the mass should have increased
3. Chemical Reaction with the air.
4. Nitrate and Nitrate
5. Oxygen and Magnesium
6. My Magnesium didn't conduct electricity.
7. Our scales could have been off.
Real World:
1.. Magnesium ions help the nervous system
2. Magnesium is used in antacids

SUPPLIES

Crucible

Magnesium

Balance

Bunsen burner

Tongs

Goggles

PROCEDURE

First we put the Magnesium into the empty crucible. Then the Bunsen burner was turned on so that it could heat. We then took the tongs and grabbed the Magnesium and put it into the fire so that it could light. the Magnesium failed to light so we had to uncoil it a bit and try again. This it me was a success. Once the Magnesium was lit we used then had to put it back into the crucible to find our results.

RESULTS

MASS BEFORE- 35.70 grams

MASS AFTER- 35.8 grams

-Did not conduct electricity

QUESTIONS

1. Our starting mass was 35.70 grams and our ending mass was 35.8 grams.

2. The reaction was exothermic, and that means that the mass should go up. Our went up but not by much at all.

3. You know when you do the experiment because you can see the reaction taking place.

4. Nitrate and Nitrite

5. Oxygen because when the Magnesium was lit it turned a bright white.

6. No ours did not conduct any electric current.

7. You could have given the wrong mass from the start so everything could have been off. Simple mistakes are always happening.

1. Not in multivitamins

2. Used in antacids